***This episode is sponsored by Stamps.com. Use promo code POD to get a 4 week free trial, free postage and a digital scale***Halloween dates back over 2000 years to the ancient Celtic festival of Samhain (pronounced Sown). November 1st, the Celtic new year, marked the end of summer and harvest and the beginning of a long, cold, dark winter for Celts, who inhabited areas that are now known as Ireland, the United Kingdom and northern France. This time of year in particular was associated with human death and Celts believed that on the night before new year, the boundaries between the worlds of the living and the dead became murky and blurred. On the evening of October 31st, Celts and Druids would celebrate Samhain, where it was believed that the ghosts of the deceased returned to earth, by building large bonfires where people gathered to burn crops and animals as a sacrifice to the Celtic deities. The Celts wore costumes, such as animal heads and skins, they attempted to tell each other’s fortunes and when the celebrations were over, the fires were re-lit to protect them during winter.Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com.

***This episode is sponsored by PodGo - one of the easiest ways to monetise your podcast***The idea of being murdered by a complete stranger is a significant fear that has been mentioned several times on this podcast, however, more recently, has been discussed at length in the news and on social media following the murder of Sarah Everard. This horrific murder has solidified women’s fear around walking alone in the dark, and has ignited significant conversations surrounding women’s trepidations and how men can make us feel safer. According to a recent survey by UN Women UK, 97% of women in the UK have experienced sexual harassment.Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is The Unseen. Music: Atmospheric Backing, https://purple-planet.com.

***This episode is sponsored by PodGo - the easiest way to begin monetising your podcast***A huge thank you to Mel from Mask of Sanity and Bobbie from Killer Stories for their voice over for this episode.If you have any information relating to Cherrie's disappearance, you are urged to contact Pennsylvania police's Missing Person Unit on 724-284-8100.It’s impossible to put an exact number on the amount of stranger abductions in the US in the 1980s. Child Find, a missing children organisation, suggested the number was roughly 600 per year, with the FBI reporting 67 cases and the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children holding records for 142 cases of stranger abduction. Law enforcements suggested that 95% of missing children in the 1980s were runaway teens, who typically returned home within 3 days. The majority of the rest of that proportion are parental abductions who are in custody disputes and only a small minority of missing children are actually abducted by a complete stranger.Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is Basement Surge.

***This episode is sponsored by Podcorn, the easiest way to begin monetising your podcast***DISCLAIMER: I misremembered the facts regarding the Oscar Pistorius case - please accept my sincerest apologies.This is a very special episode featuring our first ever guest, Ellyn Marsh. Ellyn co-hosts the true crime/comedy podcast, Obsessed With Disappeared, alongside Patrick Hinds (from True Crime Obsessed). Join Ellyn and I, as we play Would You Rather, Innocent or Guilty and Ellynism or Not. Obsessed With Disappeared can be found wherever you get your podcasts. You can follow them on Twitter (@disappearedpod) and Instagram (@thedisappearedpod). Ellyn can be found on Twitter and Instagram (@ellynmarsh). Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

***This episode is sponsored, in part, by Away Travel******This episode is sponsored, in part, by Podcorn - the easiest way to monetise your podcast***Nature vs nurture is a longstanding debate in the world of psychology that discusses the extent to which certain aspects of our behaviour are either inherited via genetics, or the influence of external factors. Approaches vary, with the biological approach focusing on genetics and hormones to explain behaviour, and behaviourism suggesting that all behaviour is learned, via conditioning, from the surrounding environment. In more recent years, psychologists have become interested in how genetics and external influences interact with each other to shape our behaviour, rather than seeing them as 2 separate entities. It seems likely that our behaviour is a result of both genetics inherited from our parents, and learned behaviours from our environment. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is CrimeLapse. Music: Leave Without Me and Atmospheric Piano Backing, https://purple-planet.com.

A huge thank you to Stuart from British Murders and Jenny from It’s Murder Up North for their voice over for this episode. Plan International UK suggests that 63% of women in Britain feel unsafe walking alone in the dark. It’s an innate fear, one that’s reinforced in childhood. Stranger danger dictates that all strangers are dangerous, and that you should never interact with strangers in the street, a child should never accept sweets off of a stranger and you should never walk off or get into a car with a stranger. The occurrence of the Moors Murders, murders committed by Levi Bellfield and the abduction and murder of Sarah Payne in 2000, has made the idea of stranger danger even more significant. While most of these warnings are aimed at children, adults should remain wary of strangers too, because while stranger abductions are extremely rare in the UK, they do happen. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is True Consequences. Music: Leave Without Me and Atmospheric Piano Backing, https://purple-planet.com.

***This episode is sponsored by Clarks. Visit podgo.co/clarks to get up to 30% off on selected items***If you have any information relating to Brianna's disappearance, you are urged to contact Vermont State Police on 802-524-5993.Huge thank you to Nat and Ash for their voice over work for this episode. They say your teenage years are the best years of life. You begin to make long-term friendships and these friends become an important fixture in your life, you start going to parties and school either becomes more or less of a priority. You get your first ever job, you learn how to drive and buy your first car with your savings, you start to develop an interest in the opposite, or same, sex. Your personality blossoms, you learn more about yourself everyday and you develop independence and a sense of identity. Whilst most teenagers develop mentally and physically, others get lost and lose direction in their life. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is True Crime Witch.

***This episode is sponsored, in part, by Podcorn - the easiest way to monetise your podcast. Head over to www.podcorn.com to sign up now.******This episode is sponsored, in part, by Scary Time podcast. Listen now at http://www.dummies.fan/MurderandMore***Social media has taken the world by storm in the last decade. It’s become a platform to express your thoughts and feelings and a way to connect with old friends you’ve not spoken to for years. You can see what your aunt had for dinner last night, how your nephew’s first day of school went or the troubles the couple down the street are having in their relationship, all just a click away. Most people use social media nowadays to share funny stories, news, successes, selfies, pictures of their pets, kids and houses. While most use social media to keep up with the lives of their friends and family, predators use it to prey on, potentially vulnerable, victims and lull them into a false sense of security. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This weeks promo is for Hometown Homicide. Music: Atmospheric Backing Music, https://purple-planet.com.

***This episode is sponsored, in part, by PodGo - an easy way to begin monetising your podcast. Sign up now at podgo.co******This episode is sponsored, in part, by Scary Time podcast. Listen now at http://www.dummies.fan/MurderandMore***Singapore was considered one of the British Empire’s most impenetrable islands, which is why the Fall of Singapore is described as one of the British Army’s biggest defeats and by far the worst defeat it suffered during World War 2. The Battle of Singapore began on the 8th of February 1942, when Japan, who were experienced in combat after several battles, invaded Singapore. The battle, which was fought fast and violently by Japan, took place over a 7 day period, resulting in roughly 10,000 casualties, anywhere between 80,000 and 100,000 troops becoming prisoners of war, and eventually, the surrender of Singapore. Whilst the Japanese and the British army were fighting for occupation of Singapore, police in Britain were fighting a battle of their own; attempting to identify a brutal killer, before he had the chance to claim any more women’s lives. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is Harpy Hour. Music: Leave Without Me and Atmospheric Piano Backing, https://purple-planet.com.

Crimestoppers anonymous form: https://crimestoppers-uk.org/give-information/forms/give-information-anonymously Crimestoppers number: 0800 555 111Missing People's number: 116 000 To provide information:Bruce - West Yorkshire's Homicide and Enquiry team, 101Patricia - Brierley Hill police, 0345 113 5000 or Dudley Neighbouring Policing Unit, 101Kenneth - Glenrothes police, 101Linda - Major Crime Review Team, 101 (reference MP4472/11)Herbert - Kent police, 101 (reference 94-000696)It’s not a crime to go missing, adults voluntarily go missing all the time. The charity Missing People suggest that roughly 176,000 individuals are reported missing each year, with 100,000 of these being adults. 75% of adults either return or are found within 24 hours and 5% are missing longer than a week. As of the 31st of March 2019, nearly 3000 adults were classed as “long-term missing individuals''. As Christmas 2020 is around the corner, lots of families will have an empty chair at the dinner table, a chair that for many, has been vacant for far too long. Alongside Fern from Evidence of a Crime and Madeline from Crimeatorium, I’m going to tell you about a few of their stories. Maybe one of our listeners holds the key to finding even one of these missing individuals.Listen to Evidence of a Crime's episode: linktr.ee/evidenceofacrimeListen to Crimeatorium's episode: linktr.ee/crimeatoriumFollow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. Music: Leave Without Me, Atmospheric Piano Backing and Deadlock: https://purple-planet.com.

***This episode is brought to you, in part, by Podgo, the easiest way to monetise your podcast. Sign up today at podgo.co******This episode is brought to you, in part, by Scary Time podcast. Listen now at http://www.dummies.fan/MurderandMore. Follow them on Facebook and Instagram @scarytimepod***Credit for this episode goes to Joseph Cusack and his documentary, The Murder of Charlene Downes. The 25th of May is International Missing Children’s Day, first initiated by Ronald Reagan in 1983 and is in place to not only bring awareness to the thousands of missing children worldwide but to also honour organisations who put up a daily fight for these missing children. Whilst most children run away of their own accord, due to bullying or a poor family life, 1 in 5 are at risk of being sexually exploited. There are several charities based in the UK that work to support children and young adults. The Child Exploitation and Online Protection centre provide useful resources and advice to safeguard children against the dangers of sexual exploitation and online sexual abuse. Missing People is a well-known charity that works to support the families of people who have gone missing and also attempt to support the people who go missing too, by offering a listening ear if a child wants to confide in someone but doesn’t trust or have anyone they can talk to. They try to provide advice to children who are considering going missing, but also act as a mediator for children who have run away and don’t wish to talk to their families. Childline is run 24/7, provided by the NSPCC and is a service to provide advice and guidance to children who are suffering from domestic violence, abuse or who are considering running away from home. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is Always Time for True Crime. Music: Leave Without Me, https://purple-planet.com.

***This episode is brought to you by restaurant.com. Head over to www.restaurant.com/podcast for 50% off your next order***Broadmoor Hospital in Berkshire is a high security psychiatric hospital that houses some of Britain's most notorious and dangerous criminals, including Robert Napper, Peter Sutcliffe and John Straffen. Broadmoor Hospital is run by the NHS and serves to prove that there is a credible link between mental illness and violent crime. In an article for GQ Magazine in June 2019, Dr Das, a forensic psychiatrist, confirms that whilst not all mental illness will cause a person to become violent, there is definitely a link between certain mental illnesses and violent crimes such as grievous bodily harm, sexual assault and murder. The most common diagnoses amongst imprisoned, dangerous individuals are psychotic illnesses, including schizophrenia, schizo-affective disorder and bipolar disorder. Whilst this doesn't guarantee a person with these conditions will immediately become a danger to others, aggression is known to be portrayed as a direct result of symptoms such as paranoid delusions or auditory hallucinations displayed by individuals with schizophrenia. The link between mental health and violent crime is muddied slightly by confounding factors such as drugs and alcohol, being a victim of physical, sexual or emotional abuse in younger years, an unstable childhood or family home and being exposed to violence, such as domestic abuse. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. Buy merch at www.teepublic.com/murder-and-more. Buy us a coffee at www.ko-fi.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is Evidence of a Crime. Music: Leave Without Me and Atmospheric Piano Backing, https://purple-planet.com.

***This episode is brought to you by restaurant.com. Head over to www.restaurant.com/podcast for 50% off your next order***The UK charity Missing People suggests that 1 person is reported missing every 90 seconds and the Government website suggests that around 200,000 people go missing each year. In most cases of a missing adult or child, there may be conflict at home that the individual is trying to escape from, they may have gotten lost or simply wanted to start afresh in a new location with a new identity. These are considered normal missing persons cases and the individual is typically located, safe, within hours or days of them disappearing. However, the more confusing, mystifying and maybe even just outright creepy cases, are the ones where individuals vanish into thin air. They’re the ones where families never get answers, where there are no credible sightings of the individual and where in some cases, the missing person is never seen again. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is Mask of Sanity. Music: Leave Without Me, Beautiful Piano Theme and Deadlock, https://purple-planet.com.

***This episode is brought to you by Podgo, the easiest way to monetise your podcast. Sign up today at podgo.co***The police and the CPS have defined a hate crime as "any criminal offence which is perceived by the victim or any other person, to be motivated by hostility or prejudice, based on a person's disability or perceived disability; race or perceived race; or religion or perceived religion; or sexual orientation or perceived sexual orientation or transgender identity or perceived transgender identity." A hate crime can be committed by a wide variety of people, including a friend, acquaintance, or complete stranger and the term covers a wide range of crimes, including verbal abuse, harassment, intimidation, making threats and bullying another individual. In 2016-2017, in 83% of cases that were prosecuted, the perpetrator pleaded guilty or was found guilty by a jury of their peers. The CPS are able to put in an application to the courts for a sentence uplift, whereby the imposed sentence on the perpetrator is increased due to the serious and violent nature of hate crimes. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is The True Crime Files. Music: Leave Without Me, Atmospheric Piano Backing, Beautiful Piano Theme and Deadlock, https://purple-planet.com.

As podcasters, we have a platform and duty to speak up and call out injustice. In light of the murder of George Floyd, we have come together in solidarity to use our platform to speak up against racial injustice and amplify the voices of black podcasters that deserve more recognition. Racism is prevalent in all industries; from the media who under-report on black victims to the justice system which routinely fails black victims. In this collaborative episode, we document black history and current events with the voices of those who have lived through it.Special thanks to: Tasha from Sinister Silhouettes https://linktr.ee/tcbytbAndre and Battle from Bruh Issa Murder https://linktr.ee/Bruhissamurder Serena from Handcuffed Podcast https://linktr.ee/handcuffedpodcast Aaron from True Crime? Never Heard of it http://www.buzzsprout.com/921493 Rashad from Blood and Firewater https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/blood-firewater/id1481772619 Alimat from Hard Truths https://twitter.com/hardtruths_pod JiJi from Noir True Crime Files https://linktr.ee/ntcfpodcastWritten by: CrimeLapse, Morbidology, Sinister Silhouettes, Bruh Issa Murder, Handcuffed Podcast, True Crime? Never Heard of it, Blood and Firewater, Hard Truths Podcast, Noir True Crime Files and All Things EeerieProduced by: CrimeLapse and MorbidologyGraphics by: Death by ChampagneThanks to: Reverie: True Crime Podcast, Evidence of a Crime, All Things Eeerie, It’s Murder Up North, The True Crime Witch, Writing About Crime, Death by Champagne, Murder She Spoke, Murder and More, Always Time for True Crime, Malice, Hometown Homicide, Brew Crime, Our True Crime PodcastSOURCES USEDhttps://1drv.ms/w/s!Aruxcr9oXxgyhSlMHkn8jhRAytCK?e=Ja7h1oHOW TO HELP https://docs.google.com/document/d/1gt4garwEcn0NsJHg-zHwRQYogrVqLM0Q3g0vdj8GW8E/mobilebasic https://docs.google.com/document/d/13yKeLrX6hsKTrhqueZ-nSfRWBMsaHuq7YdkZb6Sq1eo/edit https://blacklivesmatters.carrd.co/#petitions https://www.change.org/p/people-power-end-direct-provision-in-ireland?recruiter=false&utm_source=share_petition&utm_medium=twitter&utm_campaign=psf_combo_share_initial&utm_term=psf_combo_share_abi&recruited_by_id=11cfdbd0-a590-11ea-ab5f-cf3b22adc9de https://www.change.org/p/dail-eireann-implement-a-hate-crime-legislation-in-ireland?recruiter=1095845366&recruited_by_id=e7b85f60-a135-11ea-b00a-379bc2e95470 Black Lives Matter - https://blacklivesmatter.com/ Black Lives Matter U.K. - https://uk.gofundme.com/f/ukblm-fund George Floyd Memorial Fund - https://www.gofundme.com/f/georgefloyd The Minnesota Freedom Fund - https://minnesotafreedomfund.org/ The Bail Project - https://bailproject.org/ Black Visions Collective - https://www.blackvisionsmn.org/ Reclaim the Block - https://www.reclaimtheblock.org/ Steven Lawrence Charitable Trust - https://www.stephenlawrence.org.uk/ Black Minds Matter - https://www.blackmindsmatteruk.com/ Stop Watch - http://www.stop-watch.org/about-us/donate Movement for Black Lives - https://m4bl.org/ Irish Network Against Racism - https://inar.ie/ Show Racism the Red Card - http://theredcard.ie/To the Victims -https://blacklivesmatters.carrd.co/#victims Black Protest Legal Support for BLM protestors in the UK - https://www.gofundme.com/f/black-protest-legal-support-uk Justice for Grenfell - https://justice4grenfell.org/donate/ Kwanda - https://kwanda.co/ United Friends and Families Campaign - https://uffcampaign.org/ Inquest - https://www.inquest.org.uk/Appeal/make-donation Resourcing Racial Justice - http://resourcingracialjustice.org/donate The Reach Out Project - https://www.reachoutproject.co.uk/donateExist Loudly Fund for Queer Black Young People in the UK - https://twitter.com/TanyaCompas/status/1267921932344791041Thread with links to places you can donate - https://twitter.com/FCNathan2/status/1268154385449848839

Cannibalism is the act of a human consuming the flesh of another human. The practice of cannibalism, also known as anthropophagy, dates back to early human history but coined it’s name after a West Indies tribe, the Carib, who are well known to have eaten the flesh of their acquaintances. The Spanish name for the Carib, who could be located in Southern America, is Caribales or Canibales, which is where the term cannibalism derived from. Cannibalism is practiced all across the world for different reasons; some see it ritualistic, Australian Aboriginals viewed it as an act of respect for the deceased and for some, it’s just a means to an end in a dire situation when no other food is available. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is Death By Champagne. Music: Leave Without Me and Beautiful Piano Theme, https://purple-planet.com.

***This episode is brought to you by PodGo, the easiest way to monetise your podcast. Sign up today at podgo.co***According to Mencap, a learning disability is “a reduced intellectual ability and difficulty with everyday activities which affects someone for their whole life.” Typically, it can take a person with a learning disability longer to learn new things and they may need extra help to develop new skills or interact with others. Around 1.5 million people in the UK have a learning disability and 351,000 of these are children aged between 0-17. There are different conditions that make a person more likely to have a learning disability. The majority of people with Down’s Syndrome and Williams Syndrome will more than likely have some level of learning disability. About half of people with Autism or Asperger’s Syndrome will have a form of learning disability. Different types of learning disability exist, with some people presenting with only mild symptoms which makes it slightly more difficult to diagnose. Other people may have moderate or even severe learning disabilities and these people may need significantly more help, including with personal care, mobility and communication. Learning disabilities often get confused with learning difficulties, which umbrella conditions such as ADHD and dyslexia however it is possible for a person to have both a learning disability and a learning difficulty. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is Lady Justice. Music: Leave Without Me, Atmospheric Piano Backing and Beautiful Piano Theme, https://purple-planet.com.

Crimestoppers anonymous form: https://crimestoppers-uk.org/give-information/forms/give-information-anonymously Crimestoppers number: 0800 555 111NSPCC's online reporting form: https://forms.nspcc.org.uk/content/nspcc---report-abuse-form/?_ga=2.31449407.1220292018.1589663095-288750486.1589290828NSPCC helpline number: 0808 800 5000 Runaway helpline (call or text): 116 000Childline number: 0800 1111In police’s Authorised Professional Practice, the term missing is defined as “anyone whose whereabouts cannot be established will be considered as missing until located, and their well-being or otherwise confirmed.” In the UK, 1 person is reported as a missing person every 90 seconds. That’s 180,000 being reported as missing every year. It is more likely that a child will be reported missing than an adult, with 1 in 200 children going missing each year, compared to 1 in 500 adults. Research conducted over previous years has demonstrated that conflict, abuse and neglect in the home, sexual exploitation and mental health issues are among the top reasons children go missing. When children contact childline, the common issues they raise include problems at home, abuse, sexual exploitation, domestic violence and mental health issues. Despite these statistics, consequences of underreporting make it highly possible that these figures are inaccurate and in fact, the number of people that go missing each year may well be higher. Missing People suggests that as many as 7 in 10 children that go missing aren’t reported as a missing person, begging the question as to the real number of people that go missing each year.Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is Great Unsolved. Music: Leave Without Me, Atmospheric Piano Backing and Beautiful Piano Theme, https://purple-planet.com.

According to an article written by Caralynn Lippo in April 2017 for Redbook magazine, traditional wedding vows can be traced as far back as the Book of Common Prayer written by the Archbishop of Cantebury Thomas Cranmer in 1549. The vows have been adapted significantly over the years, specifically the vow we now know as “til death do us part.” In the original version of the book, this vow was known as “till death us depart” before it was changed in 1662 to “till death us do part.” It was modified some time after to what we now know it as, “till death do us part” and has remained a stable part of wedding vows ever since. “Till death do us part” is an ominous vow to make, with 100s of thousands of divorces taking place each year. In Catholicism, “till death do us part” is taken literally, meaning that only God himself can interfere with a marriage and that the only manner in which a couple’s marriage will end, is if one of them dies. Emile Cilliers also took the vow extremely literally and couldn’t wait for God’s interference to end his marriage, thus, an extravagant murder plot was born. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is Mad or Bad. Music: Deadlock, Leave Without Me and Beautiful Piano Theme, https://purple-planet.com.

According to the Open Society Foundations, sex workers are “adults who receive money or goods in exchange for consensual sexual services or erotic performances, either regularly or occasionally.” The term sex worker is preferred over prostitution, as sex worker recognises that it is work. Prostitution has negative connotations and denotes criminal behaviour. People fall into sex work for a variety of reasons, but the main factor seems to be that they are fighting poverty and sex work is the only option that will financially better their lives and enable them to keep a roof over their heads and feed themselves and their children. Another reason people fall into sex work is because it allows flexibility and the pay is typically much better than other jobs. Some people simply use sex as a way to explore their sexuality. Either way, sex workers are seen as an ideal target for predators, who prey on their victims believing that if they go missing, they will not be missed and it may not even be noted for a while that that person is missing. This is why sex workers are often hunted by serial killers. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's promo is Our True Crime Podcast. Music: Atmospheric Piano Backing, Leave Without Me and Beautiful Piano Theme, https://purple-planet.com.

According to the Serious Organised Crime Agency, organised crime related to gangs is focused in larger cities, in places such as London, Manchester and Liverpool. Gang related organised crime also can be found across the West Midlands, the South Coast and generally in Northern England. The Serious Organised Crime Agency reported that London, Birmingham, Manchester and Liverpool have some of the highest rates of gang-related crime, with gangs accounting for 65% of all firearm murders in England and Wales. In Liverpool, street gangs have been around since the mid 19th century. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's podcast promo is Brew Crime. Music: Atmospheric Piano Backing, Beautiful Piano Theme and Leave Without Me, https://purple-planet.com.

According to the NSPCC, grooming is "when someone builds a relationship, trust and emotional connection with a child or young person so they can manipulate, exploit and abuse them." Any child is vulnerable to being groomed and any adult can become the groomer, no matter their age, sex or race. In addition to grooming the child, the individual may also become familiar with the child's family, in order to acquire more of the child's trust. With the birth of social media, grooming has become a lot easier to do as individuals can now groom a child online as well as in person. When a child is being groomed online, it's likely they have no idea who they are talking to, with the abuser typically portraying themselves to be the same age as the victim. Groomers will use different tactics in order to gain the child's trust, including pretending to be younger, buying them gifts, giving them advice and attention and taking them on trips or holidays. If a child has become more secretive about their online presence or how they're spending their time, has an older partner, has money or new items that they're unable to explain, begin underage drinking or taking drugs, begin to appear distressed and withdrawn and start to exhibit sexualised behaviour, it's possible that they are being groomed without being aware of what's happening to them. To access Crimestoppers online form, go to https://crimestoppers-uk.org/give-information/forms/give-information-anonymously. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's podcast promo is It's Murder up North.. Music: Atmospheric Piano Backing and Beautiful Piano Theme, https://purple-planet.com.

Baby farming was a popular practice in Victorian Britain, when contraception wasn't invented and single mothers were unable to feed, clothe or keep a roof over their children's heads due to living in impoverished conditions. As well as a lack of contraception, social services also hadn't been formulated at the time, which contributed to baby farming origniating in the first place. At the end of the day, baby farming must've seemed like the only option to mothers who were unable to provide a safe and stable home and life for their children. Follos us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's podcast promo is Dumb and Busted. Music: Atmospheric Piano Backing, https://purple-planet.com.

According to Women's Aid, domestic abuse is "an incident or pattern of incidents of controlling, coercive, threatening, degrading and violent behaviour." In the majority of cases, domestic violence is committed by a partner or ex partner, but it can also be perpetrated by a family member or carer. In the vast majority of cases, domestic violence victims are quite often women. Domestic abuse can come in many forms, including but not limited to coercive control, psychological and or emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, financial abuse, harrassment and stalking. Coercive control is defined as an act designed to make a person dependent on them by isolating them from support and depriving them of independence. Common examples of coercive behaviour include making threats or intimidating you, taking control over aspects of your everyday life and humiliating, degrading or dehumanising you. Women's Aid suggests that women are much more likely to experience domestic abuse than men and that domestic abuse occurs regardless of gender, race, ethnicity, religious beliefs, sexuality, class or disability. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's podcast promo is True Crime Real Time. Music: Leave With Me & Atmospheric Piano Backing, https://www.purple-planet.com. National Domestic Violence Helpline, open 24/7: 0800 2000 247. Samaritans: 116 123. National Stalking Helpline: 0808 802 0300.

Why hear 1 true crime story when you can have 7? Join me, Rachel from Mad or Bad, Teri from True Crime and Wine Time, JT from True Crime Lab, Amy and Katelyn from Eat Crime and Genevieve from True Crime Real Time for one of the biggest podcast crossover episodes ever. You can follow us all on Twitter @murderandmore, @madorbadthepod, @teritruecrime, @thetclpodcast, @eatcrime and @truecrimertpod. Become a patron of us all by heading over to www.patreon.com /murderandmore, /madorbad, /truecrimeandwinetime and /eatcrime. Please also head over to Apple Podcasts to leave us all a rating and review if you've enjoyed this episode.

When we take a person into hospital or a loved one is admitted to the hospital, whether it be a grandparent, parent, friend or child, we are under the belief that they are in safe hands. We trust these strangers, who have spent years in training, with the lives of our loved ones. We have no reason not to trust these people, they are employed on the basis that they are kind, caring, loving.. That they will treat our loved ones like their own. Never do we stop to think that maybe, the people we hold closest to our hearts, are in more danger in hospital than they would be by staying at home. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's podcast promo is Eat Crime.

Valentine’s Day is a day full of love and appreciation for your partner or spouse. It’s supposed to be a day where you celebrate the person you are sharing your life with and have the opportunity to reflect on how far you’ve come and discuss your future together. Unfortunately, for Joanne Nelson, Valentine’s Day in 2005 would not be full of red roses, soppy cards and boxes of chocolates. Instead, Joanne’s Valentine’s Day ended in a way that no one could’ve ever imagined. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View all the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's podcast promo is True Crime Lab.

***This episode is sponsored by Ballsy. Head over to ballwash.com now and use our promo code MORE20 to get 20% off their You’re Incrediballs Nut Rub Cologne gift set.*** People can be very good at manipulating and deceiving. They make you believe that you can trust them and that they are a good person. They make you feel like your life is so much better because of them. The majority of these people have narcissistic tendencies and tend to have underlying mental health conditions that have gone untreated for too long. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders fifth edition, or DSM-5 for short, states that a person with Narcissistic Personality Disorder must possess at least 5 of the 9 criteria they have listed. These criteria are; grandiosity, continually demeaning, bullying and belittling others, exploiting others for their own personal gain, lack of empathy for the negative impact they have on people’s feelings and emotions, a fixation on fantasies of power, success and intelligence, a self-perception of being unique and superior, a need for continual admiration from others, a sense of entitlement to special treatment and intense envy of others. Eventually, these mental illnesses and narcissistic qualities will more than likely lead to the occurrence of much more serious offences than simply manipulating another person. Typically, a much darker side of that individual will emerge in the end. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View all the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's podcast promo is Morbidology.

Killers and potential serial killers love to keep secrets. They use these untold truths to taunt the police, to ensure the pain of families continues, for their own pleasure. For the majority of these killers, they refuse to reveal exactly how many people have fallen victim to their actions and therefore, end up taking these secrets to their graves. Subsequently, the nightmare the families of their victims and potential victims are living, never come to an end. They never receive the peace and justice they deserve. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View all sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's podcast promo is True Crime and Wine Time.

I can imagine one of most people’s worst fears is being murdered by a complete stranger, which essentially dictates that you never know when you may cross someone with nefarious thoughts. A potentially worst fate, however, is being murdered and your killer never being caught or being murdered and your body never being recovered. For 2 families, this fear became reality when 2 young girls met both these dreadful fates. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View all the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's podcast promo is Case Remains.

For years, women have suffered with the innate fear of walking alone in the dark. The darkness provides predators with the opportunity to lurk in the shadows and not be seen by their prey until it’s much too late. As women, we are taught not to walk on our own in the dark, to hold a key in between our fingers and learn techniques in order to fight off an attacker. Perhaps, however, it’s time that we start teaching men not to attack women to prevent future serial killers. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View all the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore. This episode's podcast promo is I Said God Damn.

You will encounter conspiracy theories in all walks of life. Conspiracy theories can concern famous deaths and assassinations, dubious government activity or false flag terrorism. Conspiracy theories often evolve as a result of a lack of explanation for an event that has occured. Gaby Hinsliff wrote in an article in the The Guardian back in 2017, “Like a twisted form of religion, conspiracy theories can be a coping mechanism, a means of ducking the harsh truths or imposing order on chaos. At least they provide the comforting illusion that someone is in charge.” Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). View all the sources and pictures for this episode at www.murderandmorepodcast.wordpress.com. Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

*WARNING: This episode contains description that some listeners may find distressing, listener discretion is strongly advised.* Your parents are supposed to love you unconditionally. Your mother holds you in her stomach for 9 months, ensuring you are ready to face the outside world before giving birth to you. She’s supposed to nurture you, care for you, want the best in life for you. And your father likewise. He’s supposed to love you, teach you how to ride your bike and how to swim. Your parents are supposed to support you through everything life throws at you and be there to celebrate the good times with you. Parents are supposed to set an example to their children, but 2 parents, Fred and Rose West, weren’t at all nurturing or caring towards their children. In fact, they committed some of the worst acts a person could commit against a child. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

*WARNING: this episode contains description that some listeners may find distressing, listener discretion is strongly advised.* Your parents are supposed to love you unconditionally. Your mother holds you in her stomach for 9 months, ensuring you are ready to face the outside world before giving birth to you. She’s supposed to nurture you, care for you, want the best in life for you. And your father likewise. He’s supposed to love you, teach you how to ride your bike and how to swim. Your parents are supposed to support you through everything life throws at you and be there to celebrate the good times with you. Parents are supposed to set an example to their children, but 2 parents, Fred and Rose West, weren’t at all nurturing or caring towards their children. In fact, they committed some of the worst acts a person could commit against a child. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

Your early 20s should be some of the best years of your life. You’ve just become an adult, you’re developing your independence and exploring the big wide world for yourself. You leave your parents and begin to build a life of your own. You may have your own house, your own job and may even be considering starting a family with the person you love. Everyone has the right to life, to have the opportunity to love life, earn money and mature and evolve as a person. Everyone has the right to grow old with the person they love. For Joanna Yeates, however, this opportunity would be snatched from her in a brutal way. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

A survey conducted in 2009 demonstrated that there are around 4 million people in the US that wish to become famous. Fame is considered the dream, people feel like they’ve made it when they become famous. But really, is constantly being in the public eye really all that great? Whilst there’s the benefit of money and adoration by the public, when you’re recognised everywhere you go, it completely destroys your privacy and opens you up to the possibility of being stalked. Being famous makes you extremely vulnerable, people know where you are and what you’re doing on a daily basis. Constantly being in the public eye defies the human right of not being subjected to interference in your own home and privacy. Unfortunately, friends and family of Jill Dando know all too well of the disadvantages attached to becoming famous. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

Living at home and with your family, should be your safe haven. It’s the location you should feel the most secure, you walk home from work or climb out of your car and when you shut the door, you finally feel like you’re out of harm’s way. The click of the door closing provides you with the reassurance that the outside world can’t hurt you. You’re with family, who love you unconditionally. But sadly, Becky Watts’ security in her own home would be shattered and even worse, it would be at the hands of an individual who she should’ve been able to trust the most. *WARNING: there are several expletives in this episode.* Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

Bournemouth is the epitome of a coastal, beach town that can be located on the South coast of England in the county of Dorset. During the summer months, Bournemouth is a bustling town full of tourists from across the UK and abroad. It’s also become popular with the younger generation in recent years due to it’s lively and vibrant nightlife. A survey conducted in 2007 revealed that Bournemouth is one the happiest places in the UK and it’s completely possible to see why. Bournemouth boasts stunning sandy beaches which are backed by sandy clay cliffs and a temperate oceanic climate, ensuring warm summers and cool winters. Bournemouth is picturesque and peaceful, however this serenity would be shattered when a housewife and mother disappeared without a trace, sparking a 30 year mystery that continues to this day. Follow us on Twitter (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

A serial killer is described as an individual who murders 3 or more people over more than a month and with a significant break between them. Serial killers usually stick to the same Modus Operandi and typically have a similar victimology. Serial killers also have several different motives for committing the murders, from attention seeking to anger and potentially even financial gain. There are usually certain characteristics found in serial killers, which probably increases the probability of them becoming one. These characteristics can include mental illness, being abused, whether that be physically, mentally or sexually by a family member in their childhood, they were frequently bullied or isolated whilst they were growing up and they typically have a lower IQ and struggle to hold down a job. Since Jack the Ripper tormented the streets of London in 1888, it’s approximated that there have been 34 serial killers to date, however it’s proposed that that number is actually larger. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

Wrongful convictions and miscarriages of justice occur when a person is convicted of a crime that they did not commit. Typically, it’s not realised that the person is innocent until they’ve served a large portion of their sentence. According to Innocence Canada, there are several factors that lead to a wrongful conviction. The most common factor in wrongful convictions is eyewitness error, with the Innocence Project suggesting that 70% of wrongful convictions occur as a result of this. Eyewitness testimony can be unreliable due to stress, lighting, distance and poor memory recall. False confessions, errors in forensic science, discrimination, tunnel vision and professional misconduct are also contributing factors in a person being wrongfully convicted of a crime. Credit for this episode has to go to glynrazzell.org.uk because without it, I wouldn’t of been able to share this story with you in enough detail. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

Taxi drivers are meant to be trusted. We entrust these people with getting us to the correct destination on time and to ensure we arrive safely. Taxi drivers are used all over the world and the ride sharing industry has only grown in recent years with the invention of Uber. Whilst Uber drivers must pass a criminal background screening before being allowed to accept ride requests, recent research has indicated that local authorities are failing to keep accurate records of taxi driver’s criminal convictions. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

***This episode is sponsored by Podcorn. Head over to podcorn.com right now, to begin monetising your podcast*** The 1970s were a time where people felt safe, they allowed their children to walk to the shops unattended, they allowed them to play outside without worrying about what would happen to them. No one feared the people that walked toward them on the street, no one felt that pang of anxiety when walking in the dark. People felt safe, especially the people of Rochester, New York. I’m sure they felt safe leaving their doors unlocked, putting the bins out late at night. I’m sure the 1970s were a much more carefree time, no one looking over their shoulder to make sure they weren’t being followed or holding a key in between fingers in case they got attacked. However, 3 murders that took place in Rochester in the early 70s, would be sure to inflict the utmost fear into everyone, especially parents of young children at the time. Children who could once walk to the shops without a care in the world, who could play out until dark, were now being kept inside and watched more closely by their anxious, concerned, terrified parents. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast or /mandmpod). Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

***This episode is sponsored by Podcorn. Head over to podcorn.com right now, to begin monetising your podcast*** The term ‘serial killer’ didn’t exist in the 1970s, and It wasn’t until the mid to late 70s that the term serial killer came into existence, founded by Robert Ressler, an FBI agent with the Behavioural Analysis Unit. Despite the term not being used massively and only just coming into recognition in the 70s, that doesn’t mean to say that there weren’t lots of active serial killers in the 70s. Charles Manson formed the Manson family in 1967 and was convicted in 1971, the Son of Sam was active between 1976 and 1977, the Hillside Strangler was active between 1977 and 1978, John Wayne Gacy who is also known as the killer clown was active 1972-1978 and then we have Ted Bundy, who was active between 1974-1978. Follow us on Twitter and Tumblr (@murderandmore), Instagram (@murderandmorepod) and Facebook (Murder and More Podcast/@mandmpod). Become a patron of Murder and More by heading over to www.patreon.com/murderandmore.

Do you want to hear more about true crime? Do you wish you knew more about high profile and smaller cases but just don’t have time to research them? Each week I will be covering true crime cases, from big well know cases, mainly in the UK, to smaller cases for you to listen to and, hopefully, enjoy.