Recorded on November 8, 2017 In the first episode of "Timothy Snyder Speaks," historian and author Timothy Snyder discusses the lessons American citizens can take from the year since the "Russian cyber-victory over the United States." Timothy Snyder is a historian and professor at Yale University, specializing in Eastern and Central Europe, totalitarianism, and the Holocaust. His books have received widespread acclaim nationally and internationally from both academic and general audiences. His most recent book, "On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century," explores the small, everyday ways a citizenry can resist the encroachment of government tyranny. He is also the author of "Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning" and, forthcoming in April, "The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America." Follow on Twitter: @TimothyDSnyder

In the 2016 presidential elections, America defeated itself. The Russian intervention, intelligent as it was, could only work because of our own failures: in media, in democracy, and in social justice. In the second episode of "Timothy Snyder Speaks," historian and author Timothy Snyder shows what the Russian attack can teach us about ourselves. Timothy Snyder is a historian at Yale University, specializing in eastern Europe, totalitarianism, and the Holocaust. His books have received widespread acclaim. His most recent book, "On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century," explores the everyday ways a citizen can resist the authoritarianism of today. He is also the author of "Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning" and, forthcoming in April, "The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America." Follow on Twitter: @TimothyDSnyder

What does oligarchy mean? In the third episode of "Timothy Snyder Speaks," historian and author Timothy Snyder explores the meaning of oligarchy, where it came from, how it endangers us — and how it connects the United States and Russia. Timothy Snyder is a historian at Yale University, specializing in eastern Europe, totalitarianism, and the Holocaust. His books have received widespread acclaim. His most recent book, "On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century," explores the everyday ways a citizen can resist the authoritarianism of today. He is also the author of "Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning" and, forthcoming in April, "The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America." Follow on Twitter: @TimothyDSnyder

Sadopopulism: how America can be governed without policy and with pain. A guide to the logic of the Senate tax plan. Timothy Snyder is a historian at Yale University, specializing in eastern Europe, totalitarianism, and the Holocaust. His books have received widespread acclaim. His most recent book, "On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century," explores the everyday ways a citizen can resist the authoritarianism of today. He is also the author of "Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning" and, forthcoming in April, "The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America." Follow on Twitter: @TimothyDSnyder

Too often these days invoking the name of Jesus or claiming Christian religion has become an escape from responsibility for plainly un-Christian behavior. Are Christians forgiven for everything because they find ways to blame others for their own actions? Perhaps the meaning of Christmas is something else, extending an idea of the good rather than defending what is plainly bad, and perhaps a Christmas greeting is a way to affirm others rather than claiming all righteousness for ourselves. Merry Christmas. Timothy Snyder is a historian at Yale University, specializing in eastern Europe, totalitarianism, and the Holocaust. His books have received widespread acclaim. His most recent book, "On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century," explores the everyday ways a citizen can resist the authoritarianism of today. He is also the author of "Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning" and, forthcoming in April, "The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America." Follow on Twitter: @TimothyDSnyder

America First is not a foreign policy and it's not a domestic policy. It creates a vacuum of power filled by China, and a vacuum of values filled by Europe. It breaks the rules without proposing new ones. And so in the end puts Americans last. Timothy Snyder is a historian at Yale University, specializing in eastern Europe, totalitarianism, and the Holocaust. His books have received widespread acclaim. His most recent book, "On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century," explores the everyday ways a citizen can resist the authoritarianism of today. He is also the author of "Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning" and, forthcoming in April, "The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America." Follow on Twitter: @TimothyDSnyder

"America First" brings both political weakness and moral hazard. The last episode was about America's new weakness in the world. This one is about how "America First" leads Americans to turn against one another. Timothy Snyder is a historian at Yale University, specializing in eastern Europe, totalitarianism, and the Holocaust. His books have received widespread acclaim. His most recent book, "On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century," explores the everyday ways a citizen can resist the authoritarianism of today. He is also the author of "Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning" and, forthcoming in April, "The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America." Follow on Twitter: @TimothyDSnyder

In 2016 Russia defeated the United States in a cyberwar, selecting the president of the United States. Since that victory, Russia continues its campaign in the dark corridors of cyber, colonizing us at every turn: from the Nunes memo to the Parkland shootings. Cyber-colonization can be resisted but first it must be understood. Here are a few things you can do now: Check out Hamilton 68: https://dashboard.securingdemocracy.org/ Check out Botcheck and add the browser extension: Botcheck.me Follow Sheera Frenkel: https://www.nytimes.com/by/sheera-fre... https://www.buzzfeed.com/sheerafrenkel Timothy Snyder is a historian at Yale University, specializing in eastern Europe, totalitarianism, and the Holocaust. His books have received widespread acclaim. His most recent book, "On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century," explores the everyday ways a citizen can resist the authoritarianism of today. He is also the author of "Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning" and, forthcoming in April, "The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America." Follow on Twitter: @TimothyDSnyder

Without the people who seek facts, we can forget about justice, freedom, and equality. Timothy Snyder is a historian at Yale University, specializing in eastern Europe, totalitarianism, and the Holocaust. His books have received widespread acclaim. His most recent book, "On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century," explores the everyday ways a citizen can resist the authoritarianism of today. He is also the author of "Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning" and, forthcoming in April 2018, "The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America." Follow on Twitter: @TimothyDSnyder

No matter what issue we think matters in the preservation of basic American interests, from Syria to Mexico, climate matters intensely. To deny climate change is not only to practice the politics of the big lie, it is to doom the country to irrelevance, impotence, and tremendous suffering. This will be the real test for our new secretary of state: will he continue to be a lobbyist for the energy industry, or will he serve the country? Timothy Snyder is a historian at Yale University, specializing in eastern Europe, totalitarianism, and the Holocaust. His books have received widespread acclaim. His most recent book, "The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America," tells the whole Russia story, from beginning to end, in a way that makes sense and reveals the big picture. He is also the author of "On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century," which explores the everyday ways a citizen can resist the authoritarianism of today. His other works include "Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning" and "Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin." Follow on Twitter: @TimothyDSnyder

To speak of "collusion" is to misunderstand the Russia story. To understand Trump as an instrument of Russian power, we have to begin the Russia story in the proper place: Russia. In this talk, I explain Russian philosophy, strategy, and tactics. So that the Russian victory in the cyberwar of 2016 makes sense. Timothy Snyder is a historian at Yale University, specializing in eastern Europe, totalitarianism, and the Holocaust. His books have received widespread acclaim. His most recent book, "The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America," tells the whole Russia story, from beginning to end, in a way that makes sense and reveals the big picture. He is also the author of "On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century," which explores the everyday ways a citizen can resist the authoritarianism of today. His other works include "Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning" and "Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin." Follow on Twitter: @TimothyDSnyder

The Mueller investigation is not a contest of men but of principles. It is a contest between two ways of seeing the world, the outcome of which will very possibly determine whether or not the notion of an American republic makes any sense. This lecture is not about the details of the investigation, but about its wider sense and meaning for the future of the country. Timothy Snyder is a historian at Yale University, specializing in eastern Europe, totalitarianism, and the Holocaust. His books have received widespread acclaim. His most recent book, "The Road to Unfreedom: Russia, Europe, America," tells the whole Russia story, from beginning to end, in a way that makes sense and reveals the big picture. He is also the author of "On Tyranny: Twenty Lessons from the Twentieth Century," which explores the everyday ways a citizen can resist the authoritarianism of today. His other works include "Black Earth: The Holocaust as History and Warning" and "Bloodlands: Europe Between Hitler and Stalin." Follow on Twitter: @TimothyDSnyder